The computerised fire control system and laser range-finder, coupled with the new Agave gunner's thermal sight, permit the T-90 to engage targets while on the move and at night. The missile, which can penetrate 700-mm of RHAe out to 4000 meters, gives the T-90 the ability to engage other vehicles and helicopters before they can engage the T-90. The Refleks 9M119 AT-11 SNIPER laser-guided missile with a hollow-charge warhead is effective against both armored targets and low-flying helicopters. The T-90 retains the 125-mm 2A46-series main gun of the T-72 and T-80 which is capable of firing APDS, HEAT and HE-FRAG projectiles as well as time-fuzed shrapnel projectiles. Several hundred of these tanks have been produced, with various estimates suggesting that between 100 and 300 are in service, primarily in the Far East. Produced primarily mainly due to its lower cost, the T-90 it will probably remain in low-rate production to keep production lines open until newer designs become available. The T-90 is an interim solution, pending the introduction of the new Nizhny Tagil MBT which has been delayed due to lack of funding. Of conventional layout, the T-90 represents a major upgrade to every system in the T-72, including the main gun. Several subdesignations of the T-90 have been mentioned in the Russian press or in sales material, including the T-90S (probably indicating Svir missile features) and T-90E (probably indicating an export derivative). Petersburg, is an integrated defensive suite, including an electro-optical jammer opposite the IR searchlight on the left side of the tank gun tube, and laser detector boxes on the turret roof. This system, developed at VNII Transmash in St. The only obvious distinguishing feature between the two types is the use of the Shtora tank protection system on the T-90. The T-72BM and T-90 are almost identical in external appearance since the Kontakt-5 applique armor covers most of the turret details. In 1988, Nizhni Tagil upgraded the T-72B to the T-72BM by substituting the Kontakt-5 applique armor for the earlier Kontakt ERA. There was initially considerable confusion over this tank. Over half of the vehicles were exported, and the remaining tanks replaced some of the T-72s in the Russian Armed Forces. In 2008 Uralvagonzavod produced a total of 165 T-90 tanks. A Russian tank battalion comprises 31 tanks. The price of a T-90 main battle tank (MBT), manufactured by Russia's Uralvagonzavod plant is $4-7 million, while the price of a T-72 model is $1-2 million. Protective measures include Kontakt-5 ERA, laser warning receivers, and the SHTORA infrared ATGM jamming system. The successor to T-72BM, the T-90 uses the gun and 1G46 gunner sights from T-80U, a new engine, and thermal sights. Derived from the T-72, the GPO Uralvagonzavod T-90 main battle tank is the most modern tank in the army arsenal. The T-90 is considered a modern unit, with only the elite Kantemirovskaya and Tamanskaya tank divisions equipped by 2010.
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